Effect of Dental Fluorosis on Orthodontic Bond Strength: A Review of the Literature
Dental fluorosis is the hypomineralization of the enamel caused by continuous ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. Fluorosed enamel is characterized by an outer hypermineralized, acid resistant layer, and by the formation of more porous enamel in the area of the subsurface hypomineralization. The etching pattern of fluorsoed enamel has less irregularity than that of normal enamel. Orthodontists face difficulties in bonding brackets to fluorotic teeth. There are two bonding systems for bonding brackets to fluorotic teeth: total-etching and selfetching bonding systems. The effectiveness of bonding to fluorotic teeth is controversial. The purposes of this review article are to describe dental fluorosis in terms of clinical appearance, incidence, classification and etching pattern of fluorosed enamel, and to describe and compare the bond strength of total-etching and self-etching bonding systems when used to bond brackets to fluorotic teeth.
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