Prevalence and Demographics of Non Syndromic Tooth Agenesis on the Population of Orthodontic Patients
Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of tooth agenesis (TA) and its association with gender, tooth type, and location. Additionally, to investigate the clinical features of TA in non-syndromic subjects attending the postgraduate orthodontic clinic at Bangkokthonburi University, Chiang Mai branch.
Methods: This study was conducted utilizing 1337 patients, 935 females and 402 males, aged 12-45 years. TA, demographic data, and clinical features were surveyed using their complete pretreatment records, study models, panoramic radiographs, and intra-oral photographs according to gender, tooth type, location (Maxillary/Mandibular arch), and their clinical features. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05 using Chi-Square tests and descriptive statistics.
Results: The study group included 82 patients (22 males, 60 females). A total of 129 teeth were missing, not including the third molars. TA was more prevalent in the mandible. The mandibular lateral incisor was the most frequently observed missing tooth. The clinical features of TA were also classified. Microdontia was found the most frequent in maxillary arch, whereas prolonged retention was found more in mandibular arch. The most common features of maxillary intra-arch relationship were crowding, whereas spacing was more prevalent in the mandibular arch. Regarding the features of inter-arch relationship, there were deep bite, followed by anterior crossbite, anterior protrusion, posterior crossbite, and open bite respectively.
Conclusions: A prevalence of 6.13% for TA was detected in this study. There are several clinical features involved in TA both intra and inter-arch relationship.
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