Prevalence of Three Periodontal Pathogens and Virulence Factor Producing Genes
Objectives: To study prevalence of 3 periodontal pathogens, including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and Tannerell forsythia (Tf), and their virulence factor producing genes in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AP), chronic periodontitis (CP), and gingivitis (G).
Materials and Methods: Subgingival plaque samples were collected from patients with AP, CP, and G (20 each group). The samples were analyzed for the pathogens and their virulence factors producing genes by polymerase chain reaction, nested polymerase chain reaction, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction techniques.
Results: Prevalence of Aa was significantly higher in AP and Aa serotype c was the most detected serotype. Categorized by periodontal status; AP, CP and G, the percentage of cytolethal distending toxin gene (CDT gene) a, b and c detected simultaneously in each periodontal status were 56.3, 50, and 44.4 respectively. The percentage of subjects with Pg in each periodontal status was 85, 75, and 85 and frimbria producing gene (fimA gene) detection together with collagenase enzyme producing gene (prtC gene) was 58.2, 80, and 52.9 respectively. Tf was the highest prevalence bacteria of all periodontal status detected in this study with the percentage of 100, 100, and 90 while cysteine protease enzyme producing gene (prtH gene) of Tf was 90, 80, and 72.2 respectively.
Conclusions: Three periodontal pathogens were found in all groups of subjects. Aa was significantly found in patients with AP especially serotype c. For virulence factor producing genes, CDT gene and prtH gene were predominant in AP whereas fimA gene and prtC gene were mostly detected in CP. However, no significant differences were found between groups.
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